Subtraction Table

Subtraction Table
You can "look up" answers for simple subtraction using this table:
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
0 0
1 1 0
2 2 1 0
3 3 2 1 0
4 4 3 2 1 0
5 5 4 3 2 1 0
6 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
7 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
8 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
9 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
10 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
11 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
12 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
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Who Works Where

Who Works Where Puzzle - Solution
The Puzzle:
Who Works Where
Alex, Betty, Carol, Dan, Earl, Fay, George and Harry are eight employees of an organization

They work in three departments: Personnel, Administration and Marketing with not more than three of them in any department.

Each of them has a different choice of sports from Football, Cricket, Volleyball, Badminton, Lawn Tennis, Basketball, Hockey and Table Tennis not necessarily in the same order.

Dan works in Administration and does not like either Football or Cricket.
Fay works in Personnel with only Alex who likes Table Tennis.
Earl and Harry do not work in the same department as Dan.
Carol likes Hockey and does not work in Marketing.
George does not work in Administration and does not like either Cricket or Badminton.
One of those who work in Administration likes Football.
The one who likes Volleyball works in Personnel.
None of those who work in Administration likes either Badminton or Lawn Tennis.
Harry does not like Cricket.

Who are the employees who work in the Administration Department?

In which Department does Earl work?




Our Solution:
Betty, Carol and Dan work in Administration department.

Earl works in the Marketing department.
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Soccer Problem Puzzle

Soccer Problem Puzzle - Solution
The Puzzle:
Soccer Problem
There are 7 boys on a soccer team. Each boy has a different position, jersey number, and height. Find out each person's height, position, and number.

* Justin is the goalie
* The right forward is #10
* The goalie is 6' 4''
* Joe is 6' 1''
* Ryan is right forward
* The person next to Ryan is #14
* The person who is 6' 4'' is #16
* #10 is 5' 8''
* The left forward is #15
* Brad is right defense
* Brendan is #20
* Michael is 7' 1''
* Miguel is #6
* Michael is left forward
* #42 is right defense
* Brad is 6' 2''
* #6 is center defense
* #15 is 7' 1''
* #20 is 6' 7''
* Miguel is 5' 10''
* #14 is 6' 1''
* The person who is 6' 7'' is left defense
* Joe is center forward


(Contributed by Michael B and Brendan D, Grade 5, Edgar Allan Poe School)

Our Solution:
A Solution has been contributed by "frenchfry23" (a member of the forum) as follows:

Joe: center forward, 6' 1", #14

Justin: goalie, 6' 4", #16

Michael: left forward, 7' 1", #15

Brendan: left defense, 6' 7", #20

Ryan: right forward, 5' 8" , #10

Brad: right defense, 6' 2", #42

Miguel: center defense, 5' 10", #6
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Gardens Puzzle

Gardens Puzzle - Solution
The Puzzle:
Gardens
Five friends have their gardens next to one another, where they grow three kinds of crops: fruits (apple, pear, nut, cherry), vegetables (carrot, parsley, gourd, onion) and flowers (aster, rose, tulip, lily).

1. They grow 12 different varieties.
2. Everybody grows exactly 4 different varieties
3. Each variety is at least in one garden.
4. Only one variety is in 4 gardens.
5. Only in one garden are all 3 kinds of crops.
6. Only in one garden are all 4 varieties of one kind of crops.
7. Pear is only in the two border gardens.
8. Paul's garden is in the middle with no lily.
9. Aster grower doesn't grow vegetables.
10. Rose growers don't grow parsley.
11. Nuts grower has also gourd and parsley.
12. In the first garden are apples and cherries.
13. Only in two gardens are cherries.
14. Sam has onions and cherries.
15. Luke grows exactly two kinds of fruit.
16. Tulip is only in two gardens.
17. Apple is in a single garden.
18. Only in one garden next to Zick's is parsley.
19. Sam's garden is not on the border.
20. Hank grows neither vegetables nor asters.
21. Paul has exactly three kinds of vegetable.

Who has which garden and what is grown where?




Our Solution:
Hank: pear apple cherry rose
Sam: cherry onion rose tulip
Paul: carrot gourd onion rose
Zick: aster rose tulip lily
Luke: pear nut gourd parsley
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Ships Puzzle

Ships Puzzle - Solution
The Puzzle:
Ships
There are 5 ships in a port:

1. The Greek ship leaves at six and carries coffee.
2. The Ship in the middle has a black chimney.
3. The English ship leaves at nine.
4. The French ship with blue chimney is to the left of a ship that carries coffee.
5. To the right of the ship carrying cocoa is a ship going to Marseille.
6. The Brazilian ship is heading for Manila.
7. Next to the ship carrying rice is a ship with a green chimney.
8. A ship going to Genoa leaves at five.
9. The Spanish ship leaves at seven and is to the right of the ship going to Marseille.
10. The ship with a red chimney goes to Hamburg.
11. Next to the ship leaving at seven is a ship with a white chimney.
12. The ship on the border carries corn.
13. The ship with a black chimney leaves at eight.
14. The ship carrying corn is anchored next to the ship carrying rice.
15. The ship to Hamburg leaves at six.

Which ship goes to Port Said? Which ship carries tea?




Our Solution:
The Spanish ship goes to Port Said and the French ship carries tea. However, tea can be carried by the Brazilian ship, too.

If you understood position 'to the right' to mean anywhere on the right side from the given point (not only right next to).

French 5:00 tea blue Genoa
Greek 6:00 coffee red Hamburg
Brazilian 8:00 cocoa black Manila
English 9:00 rice white Marseille
Spanish 7:00 corn green Port Said
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Where Did the Dollar Go

Where Did the Dollar Go ? Puzzle - Solution
The Puzzle:
Where Did the Dollar Go ?
Three friends have a nice meal together, and the bill is $25

The three friends pay $10 each, which the waiter gives to the Cashier

The Cashier hands back $5 to the Waiter

But the Waiter can't split $5 three ways, so he gives the friends one dollar each and keeps 2 dollars as a tip.

They all paid $10 and got $1 back. $10-$1 = $9

There were three of them 3 X $9 = $27

If they paid $27 and the waiter kept $2: $27+$2=$29

Where did the other dollar go? $30 - $1 = $29




Our Solution:
It is all in how the question is asked.

When the friends paid $10 dollars, they had paid $30 in total.

When the Cashier gave $5 dollars to the Waiter, the 3 friends had paid $25 to the Cashier and $5 to the Waiter.

When the Waiter returns 3 dollars, the 3 friends had paid $25 to the Cashier and $2 to the Waiter. $25+$2 = $27 = 3 x $9.
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Open The Safe Puzzle

Open The Safe Puzzle - Solution
The Puzzle:
Open The Safe
Ludwig Bump runs the bank in Mathsville.

You have to help him, though, because he has forgotten the combination number of the safe.

Fortunately, he does remember some things about the number which may help you to help him.

· The number has four digits (eg.1234 or 9876).
· All the digits are different.
· It begins and ends with an odd number and has two even numbers in the middle.
· 19 and 519 go into it exactly.

WHAT IS THE NUMBER WHICH WILL OPEN THE SAFE?




Our Solution:
The combination number of Ludwig Bump's bank safe in Mathsville is 9861.

A bit of a trick puzzle, really, because out of the five clues I gave, the last one alone gives you the answer: Just multiply 519 x 19 and you get 9861. The other clues are just for checking.
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How Old is Granny

How Old is Granny Puzzle - Solution
The Puzzle:
How Old is Granny
Tom asked his Granny how old she was. Rather than giving him a straight answer, she replied:

"I have 6 children, and there are 4 years between each one and the next. I had my first child (your Uncle Peter) when I was 19. Now the youngest one (Your Auntie Jane) is 19 herself. That's all I'm telling you!"

How old is Tom's Granny?




Our Solution:
Tom's Granny is 58 years old. Let's see why:

First child born: Granny is 19
Second child born: Granny is 23 (19 + 4)
Third child born: Granny is 27 (23 + 4)
Fourth child born: Granny is 31 (27 + 4)
Fifth child born: Granny is 35 (31 + 4)
Sixth child born: Granny is 39 (35 + 4)
Sixth child is 19: Granny is 58 (39 + 19)

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Eight eights Puzzle

Eight eights Puzzle - Solution
The Puzzle:
Eight eights
Using 8 exactly eight times to make a 1000.

You can use any mathematical symbols
Our Solution:
By Shivani Dixit:
888 + 88 + 8 + 8 + 8

by Patrick Saunders:
(8(8(8+8)-(8+8)/8))-8

by Year 10 Set 4 at Lady Manners in Derbyshire:
8888/8.888

By Daryl S::
(888-8) + 8×(8+8) - 8
((8×(8+8))-((8+8+8)/8))*8
(8+((8+8)/8))^((8+8+8)/8)
(8+((8+8)/8))^((88/8)-8)
((8×(8+8))-((88/8)-8))×8
(8888-888)/8

By Manoj Kumar Nanduri:
8(8×8+8×8)-8-8-8


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Alphabetical Order

Alphabetical Order Puzzle - Solution
The Puzzle:
Alphabetical Order
Find a number with its letters in alphabetical order.

Example: "five" has "fiv" in alphabetical order, but not "e".




Our Solution:
Forty

It is the only number we know of in English with its letters in alphabetical order. And that is the correct spelling.

Examples from other languages:
In Spanish there is Dos (2)
In French there is Deux (2), Cinq (5), Dix (10), Cent (100)
In German there is Eins (1) 
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A Weighty Problem Puzzle

A Weighty Problem Puzzle - Solution
The Puzzle:
A Weighty Problem
I have ten boxes which I want to pack into crates. Each crate can carry a maximum of 25 kg.

But I only have three crates, and the total weight of the boxes is 75kg:

15 kg, 13kg, 11 kg, 10 kg, 9 kg, 8 kg, 4 kg, 2 kg, 2kg, 1 kg

How can I pack the boxes into the crates?




Our Solution:
Ten possible answers

{Crate 1}, {Crate 2}, {Crate 3}
{15,10}, {13,8,4}, {11,9,2,2,1}
{15,10}, {13,11,1}, {9,8,4,2,2}
{15,10}, {11,8,4,2}, {13,9,2,1}
{15,10}, {11,9,4,1}, {13,8,2,2}
{11,10,4}, {15,8,2}, {13,9,2,1}
{11,10,4}, {15,9,1}, {13,8,2,2}
{13,8,4}, {15,9,1}, {11,10,2,2}
{13,10,2}, {15,8,2}, {11,9,4,1}
{13,10,2}, {15,9,1}, {11,8,4,2}
{13,11,1}, {15,8,2}, {10,9,4,2}
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5-digit Number Puzzle

5-digit Number Puzzle - Solution
The Puzzle:
5-digit Number
What 5-digit number has the following features:

If we put the numeral 1 at the beginning, we get a number three times smaller than if we put the numeral 1 at the end of the number.




Our Solution:
We can make an equation:

3(100000 + x) = 10x+1

(Why? Well, adding 100000 puts a 1 at the front of a five-digit number, and multiplying by 10 and adding 1 puts a 1 at the end of a number)

Solving this gives:

10x+1 = 3(100000 + x)
10x+1 = 300000 + 3x
10x = 299999 + 3x
7x = 299999
x = 299999/7 = 42857

The answer is 42857 (142857 is three times smaller than 428571)
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And Mint Sauce Puzzle

And Mint Sauce Puzzle - Solution
The Puzzle:
And Mint Sauce
Six wolves catch six lambs in six minutes.

How many wolves will be needed to catch sixty lambs in sixty minutes?

No, the answer is not sixty. Try again!




Our Solution:
I should also have said that the answer was not 10 either! That is a popular answer, but I'm afraid it is not correct. The right answer was SIX WOLVES.

Let's see why:

6 wolves catch 6 lambs in 6 minutes. Multiply by 10:
The same 6 wolves catch 60 lambs in 60 minutes.

(Give them 10 times as long and they'll catch 10 times as many lambs.)

Another way of seeing the answer is to note that each wolf catches 1 lamb in six minutes. In 60 minutes, therefore, each wolf will catch 10 lambs (ten times as many). With 6 wolves, six times as many lambs will be caught.
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How long will it take to fill the pool using all 4 taps at once

How long will it take to fill the pool using all 4 taps at once?
Our Solution:
First, work out how much of the pool gets filled by each tap in one hour.

The first tap takes 48 hours to fill the pool, so in one hour it fills 1/48 of the pool
The second tap 1/72
The third tap 1/96
And the fourth tap fills 1/6 of the pool

We need to add all those fractions together:

1/48 + 1/72 + 1/96 + 1/6 = 6/288 + 4/288 + 3/288 + 48/288 = 61/288

So, in one hour the pool will be 61/288 full

And it will be completely full in 288/61 hours = 4 hours 43 minutes and 17 seconds.
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Measuring Just 1 Liter Puzzle

Measuring Just 1 Liter Puzzle - Solution
The Puzzle:
Measuring Just 1 Liter
Imagine having three bowls, with the following capacities:

In bowl A (8 liters capacity) are 5 liters of water.
In bowl B (5 liters capacity) are 3 liters of water.
In bowl C (3 liters capacity) are 2 liters of water.

Can you measure exactly 1 liter, pouring only 2 times?




Our Solution:
Step 1. Pour from bowl A to bowl C until it is full - that only takes 1 liter.
So 4 liters are left in bowl A and bowl C is full (3 liters).

Step 2. Pour from bowl C to bowl B until it is full - that only takes 2 liters.
Bowl B is now full (5 liters) and there is 1 liter left in bowl C. Done.
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Measuring 7 Liters Puzzle - Solution

The Puzzle:

Jack and Jill did not have much success when they went up the hill to fetch a pail of water from the well. However, once they had both tumbled down the other side they found the pond and decided to get the water from there instead.



The problem was that they wanted 7 litres exactly. Jack's bucket held 5 litres and Jill's bucket held 3 litres. How did they bring back 7 litres? No guessing!

Our Solution:

One possible method follows:

1. Fill up the 5 litre bucket

2. Pour the 5 litre bucket into the 3 litre bucket until the 3 litre bucket is full.



3. Empty the 3 litre bucket.

4. Pour the remaining 2 litres from the 5 litre bucket into the 3 litre bucket.

5. Fill up the 5 litre bucket again.

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Measuring 4 Liters

Measuring 4 Liters
You are doing some gardening, and need exactly 4 liters of water to mix up some special formula for your award winning roses.

But you only have a 5-liter and a 3-liter bowl, but do have access to plenty of water.

How would you measure exactly 4 liters?




Our Solution:
Fill the 5-liter bowl. Then fill the 3-liter bowl from the 5-liter bowl. You will now have 2 liters left in the 5 liter bowl.

Empty the 3-liter bowl, and then transfer the 2 liters from the 5-liter bowl into it.

Now fill the 5-liter bowl again, then pour water carefully from the 5-liter bowl into the 3-liter bowl until it is full - exactly one more liter.

The 5-liter bowl now has exactly 4 liters.
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Measuring 4 and 4 Litres Puzzle

Measuring 4 and 4 Litres
You are camping, and have an 8-liter bowl which is full of fresh water.

You need to share this water fairly into exactly two portions (4 + 4 liters).

But you only have two empty bowls: a 5-liter and a 3-liter bowl.

Divide the 8 liters in half in as short a time as possible.




Our Solution:
Pour 5 liters from the 8-liter to the 5-liter bowl.

Pour 3 liters from the 5-liter to the 3-liter bowl, then pour those 3 liters back to the 8-liter bowl (the 8-liter bowl now has 6 liters).

Pour the remaining 2 liters from the 5-liter over to the 3-liter bowl, the bowls now contain 6, 0 and 2 liters each.

Now, pour 5 liters from the 8-liter to the 5-liter bowl (the 8-liter bowl now has 1 liter)

Pour from the 5-liter to the 3-liter bowl until it is full (exactly one liter). There should now be 4 liters left in the 5-liter bowl,

Pour the 3 liters from the 3-liter to the 8-liter bowl (and now the 8-liter bowl has 4 liters)

The 8-liter and 5-liter bowls now have 4 liters each, as required. And you will not be accused of bias by your fellow campers!

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Measuring 2, 2 and 3 Liters Puzzle

You have three bowls: 7, 4 and 3 liters in capacity.
Only the 7-liter is full.
Pour the fewest times to have the bowls containing 2, 2 and 3 liters.
Our Solution:
Fill the 4-liter from the 7-liter bowl.
Fill the 3-liter from the 4-liter bowl.

You will have 3 liters left in the 7-liter,1 liter in the 4-liter and 3 in the 3-liter bowl. (Let us abbreviate that as 3,1,3)

Now pour from the 3-liter to the 7-liter bowl, and then pour the 1 liter left in the 4-liter bowl to the 3-liter bowl. (Now it looks like 6,0,1)

Now fill the 4 from the 7 (Now it looks like 2,4,1)
Now fill the 3 from the 4 (Now it looks like 2,2,3)

And you are done: 2, 2 and 3 liters !

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Measure exactly 2 liters of water

Measure exactly 2 liters of water if you have:

1) 4 and 5-liter bowls
2) 4 and 3-liter bowls




Our Solution:
1) Fill the 5-liter bowl, pour water from it to fill the 4-liter bowl, which you empty afterwards.

Pour the remaining 1 liter to the 4-liter bowl.

Refill the 5-liter bowl and then carefully pour water from it to fill the 4-liter bowl (where there is already 1 liter). This will only need 3 liters.

Thus you are left with 2 liters in the 5-liter bowl, as requested.

2) The same principle - this time from the other end. Fill the 3-liter bowl and pour all of the water to the 4-liter bowl.

Refill the 3-liter bowl and fill the 4-liter bowl to the top.

And then you have 2 liters left in the 3-liter bowl.

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